The industrial standards and specifications for transport chains and lashing chains ensure safety, reliability, and compliance with regulatory requirements.
Key Standards
- EN 12195-3: This standard specifies the requirements for lashing chains used to secure cargo in road transport. It covers the design, performance, and testing of chains, including their breaking load, lashing capacity, and marking requirements.
- AS/NZS 4344: This standard provides guidelines for load restraint on road vehicles, including the use of lashing chains. It specifies the minimum breaking load and lashing capacity for chains used in securing loads.
- ISO 9001:2015: While not specific to transport chains, this quality management standard ensures that manufacturers maintain high standards in production and service delivery.
- ISO 45001:2018: This standard focuses on occupational health and safety management systems, ensuring safe working conditions in the manufacturing and handling of transport chains.
Specifications
- Breaking Load: The minimum breaking load of the chain, which is the maximum force the chain can withstand before breaking.
- Lashing Capacity: The effective load-carrying capacity of the chain, typically half of the minimum breaking load.
- Marking: Chains must be clearly marked with their lashing capacity, breaking load, and other relevant information.
- Inspection: Regular inspection of chains for wear, elongation, and damage is required. Chains should not be used if they exceed 3% elongation.
- Tensioning Devices: Chains should be equipped with tensioning devices like ratchet or turnbuckle systems to maintain proper tension during transport.
These standards and specifications help ensure that transport chains and lashing chains are used safely and effectively to secure cargo during transport.
By following these steps, you can effectively secure cargo in lorry trucks, ensuring safe and efficient transport.
1. Preparation:
- Inspect Chains: Before use, inspect the chains for any signs of wear, elongation, or damage . Chains should not be used if they are excessively worn (more than 3% elongation).
- Check Load: Ensure the load is properly arranged and balanced within the truck
2. Blocking:
- Fixed Blocking Structures: Use fixed blocking structures like headboards, bulkheads, and stakes to prevent the load from moving forward or backward.
- Dunnage Bags: Use dunnage bags or wedges to fill voids and provide additional support.
3. Lashing:
- Top-Over Lashing: Attach lashings at an angle of 30-60° to the platform bed . This method is effective for preventing tipping and sliding.
- Loop Lashing: Use a pair of loop lashings per section to prevent sideways movement. For long cargo units, use at least two pairs to prevent twisting.
- Straight Lashing: Attach lashings at an angle of 30-60° to the platform bed. This method is suitable for securing loads longitudinally and laterally.
- Spring Lashing: Use spring lashings to prevent forward or rearward movement. The angle between the lashing and the platform bed should be a maximum of 45°.
4. Tensioning:
- Ratchet or Turnbuckle Systems: Use appropriate tensioning devices to maintain chain tension. Ensure the tensioning device is capable of preventing loosening during transport.
- Post Tensioning Clearance: Limit the post tensioning clearance to 150 mm to avoid load movements due to settling or vibrations.
5. Compliance:
- Standards: Ensure chains meet relevant standards such as EN 12195-3 for lashing capacity and proof force.
- Load Securing Guidelines: Follow international guidelines on safe load securing for road transport to ensure safety and compliance.
Post time: Dec-31-2024